RESONANCE CONVERSION AS A CATALYZER OF NUCLEAR REACTIONS

Typical nuclear sizes are within R0 10 Fm, while the typical scale for the transition energies is ∼1 MeV. Therefore, meaningful effect of the electromagnetic field on nuclei can be only expected for fantastically overcritical electrical strength of E 1018 V/cm. Such a simple estimate helps us to realize that all photo-nuclear reactions are due to resonance effect. Only resonance quanta can be absorbed by the nuclei, with an energy that exactly equals the separation energy of nuclear levels. In contrast, atomic size is up to four orders of magnitude larger than the nuclear size, the same refers to the electric dipole moment. This suggests that in general case, affecting the nuclei by electromagnetic field is much more effective if it is realized via mediation of the electron shell which plays role of a resonator. This general concept was confirmed by detailed calculations of the nuclear excitation cross-section in the case of 229Th. Even in this case of the M1 nuclear transition, most significant mechanism turns out that is based on the electrical dipole excitation of the electron shell as the first step. Then this energy is transferred to the nucleus, with the excessive energy being radiated. A gain of three orders of magnitude is achieved in this way.

 Key words: NEET, NEEC, BIC, resonance conversion, atomic clock, 229Th of hyperfine constant

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