Journal "Scientific Israel- Technologival Advantages" vol.18 no. 4 , 2016
Опубликовано 2016-11-20 21:51
Green Nonisocyanate Polyurethanes:Synthesis & Application
A.Cornille1, R.Auvergne1, O.Figovsky2, B. Boutevin1, S. Caillol1
1Institute Charles Gerhardt, Montpellier, France, 2NanoTech Industries, Inc. Daly City, CA,USA
sylvain.caillol@enscm.fr
ABSTRACT
The substitution of isocyanate and phosgene precursors for the industrial production of polyurethane materials is discussed in this article. Polyurethanes are currently one of the polymer compounds most used in worldwide for numerous applications such as rigid and flexible foams, coatings, elastomers, adhesives and sealants and, nowadays, these applications are regained in devices in everyday life such as wall and roofing insulation, in furnishing, in cars, in clothes or in shoes. Nevertheless, their preparation needs using of harmful and dangerousness compounds such as phosgene and isocyanate precursors. Their dangerousness operate at 3 steps of the life of polyurethane: synthesize of monomers, formulation of materials and end of life of materials. After a first part dedicated to the historical, market and manufacture of polyurethane and its dangerousness, this articles focuses on the description and discussion on the routes to substitute the dangerousness precursors to synthesize non-isocyanate polyurethane, reporting their advantages and limits and finally examines the outlooks to follow for the wider use of non-isocyanate polyurethane to recover all applications of classic polyurethane in chemical industry.
RF ABSORPTION BY SUPERPARAMAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES Fe3O4
E. Haikin
Holon Institute of Technology, Holon, Israel
elih@hit.ac.il
ABSTRACT
In this work, the process of electromagnetic (EM) waves’ absorption in a colloidal system of Fe3O4 nanoparticles with an average size of 9.50 nm in 2% aqueous solution in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was investigated. For this purpose a new method for measuring the temperature of nanoparticles and their environment by means of thermistors is proposed . The Q-factor of investigated system as a function of the EM waves’ frequency was measured and the spectrum of ESR was obtained. The ESR spectrum of the Fe304 nanoparticles presented a slightly asymmetric singlet with g=2 and a line-with of ∆H=0.1 mT. It is shown that the observed absorption spectrum corresponds to paramagnetic behavior of the investigated nanoparticles. The nanoparticles – SDS liquid system exhibited a resonance-like behavior of the absorption, where the resonance frequency was determined about 170 MHz, the absorption rise up to the resonance frequency was rather slow. The observed absorption of EM field energy was accompanied by a small temperature rise of the system.
SUBSTITUTION EFFECT OF HYDROXYL GROUPS IN C-2 POSITION
OF ANHYDROGLUCOSE UNITS OF CELLULOSE
BY NITROGEN-CONTAINING GROUPS
M. Ioelovich
Designer Energy Ltd., Rehovot , Israel
bd895892@zahav.net.il
ABSTRACT
In this paper structural characteristics and properties of cellulose, chitin and chitosan have been studied. The obtained results showed that substitution of hydroxyl group in the C2 position of anhydroglucose unit of cellulose by nitrogen-containing groups leads to transformation of crystalline unit cell, increasing of interplanar distances and cell volume, and reduction of packing density of crystallites. Since cellulose contains lesser amounts of atoms C and H, the combustion of this polysaccharide requires lower oxygen amount than of nitrogenated polysaccharides; as a result, the exothermic value of combustion enthalpy increases when going from cellulose to chitosan and chitin. Study of hydrophilic properties revealed that wetting enthalpy and sorption of water vapor depend on the degree of amorphicity (Y) of the biopolymers. At the same Y-value the hydrophilic properties of cellulose and chitosan containing hydroxyl or amino groups were higher than of chitin containing hydrophobic acetyl groups. In the sequence: cellulose-chitin-chitosan, an increase in hydrolyzability of the biopolymer samples was observed. Furthermore, three methods for determination of degree of crystallinity and amorphicity such as X-ray, calorimetry and sorption, were discussed.
EMBODIMENT OF THE CONTROLLED THERMONUCLEAR FUSION
IN NONSTATIONARY CONDITIONS
P. Kudryavtsev1, G. Makrinich1, O. Figovsky2
1 Holon Institute of Technology, Holon , Israel,
2 Polymate Ltd – International Nanotechnology Migdal HaEmek , Israel
pgkudr89@gmail.com ; gennady@hit.ac.il ; figovsky@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
In this paper a burning cycle and a basic design of the reactor for the implementation of fusion using a deuterium stream and gaseous target of deuterated diborane (B2D6) were proposed. Two modes of the reactor operation were considered. The presented modeling shows a positive estimation for the burning cycle in which different volatile boranes can be used also. This type of reactor, and use the burning cycle, allows to the energetically positive balance - 9.26 MeV per the beam deuteron. In addition, in this process the helium isotope (3He) is generated, which is a valuable product and may be used in other types of fusion reactors. For absorption of excess neutrons a solution of boric acid which contains the natural mixture of boron isotopes was considered to use. In this case, the formation of lithium borate would occur.
EFFICIENCY OPTIMIZATION IN BOREHOLE SURVEY BY NANOTECHNOLOGY-BASED APPROACHES
E.Shahbazov, U.Mammadova
SOCAR, Baku, Azerbaijan
eldar@socar.az
ABSTRACT
The article discusses the effectiveness of high-conductive nanoparticles in drilling fluid soil-based structures. The study of changes of relative amplitude of high-frequency inductive logging measurements of drill mud resistance is considered
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